03

CHAPTER III
MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS

1. Classification of Private Educational Institutions- 

Private Educational Institutions may be classified into two categories viz (i) those under individual Educational Agency and (ii) those under Corporate Educational Agency. 

Where the right to conduct the school is vested in an individual in his own right or as the legal representative of a joint family, the Educational Agency shall be termed ‘Individual Educational Agency’, 

and in all other cases the Educational Agency shall be termed ‘Corporate Educational Agency’ Corporate Educational Agency shall include cases where the right is vested in 

(a) two or more persons jointly with written registered agreement 

(b) a Board or Society or Association or Company or institution registered under a statute or created by a statute 

(c) an institution of Trust and 

(d) an ecclesiastical office of any religious denomination.

QUESTION -1 : Private Educational Institutions may be classified into two categories viz.
(A) High schools and Primary schools
(B) Aided or unaided school
(C) For General Education and Special Education
(D)Individual Educational Agency and Corporate Educational Agency

Correct Answer:-(D)

QUESTION -2 : The School owned by one of the following group comes under Individual Educational Agency. Find out it.
(A) Two or more persons jointly with a written agreement
(B) An institution of Trust
(C) A religious institution run under a Trust
(D) Legal representative of a Joint Family
Correct Answer:-(D)

QUESTION -3 : The corporate Educational Agency shall include the cases where the right is vested in
A:-having the management of more than one school
B:-a person represented by a joint family
C:-two or more persons jointly with written registered agreement
D:-a Municipal Corporation

Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -4 : A school owned and managed by a registered society come under the definition of
(A) Individual Educational Agency
(B) Society Agency
(C) Corporate Educational Agency
(D) None of the above
Correct Answer:-(C)

2. Constitution of Corporate Management- 

In the case of institutions under corporate Educational Agency, the constitution of the Educational Agency to the extent and in so far as it relates to the management of any school must be subject to rules approved by the *[Director] which should prescribe among other things (a) the manner in which the proprietary body shall carry out its functions relating to the management of the institutions and (b) the manner in which the managing body shall be elected or appointed, the conditions and tenure of their office and their duties and powers with respect to the management of the institution. In the case of aided schools, the manner of appointment of managers also shall be specified in the rules. Such rules shall not be against the provisions of the Education Act, the rules issued under it, or any other rules passed by the Department or the Government. Any change made in such rules subsequently shall be subject to approval by the *[Director] before becoming operative.

*. The powers are delegated to Dy. Director by G.O. (P) 52/80/G.Edn. Dt. 7-5-1980 published in gazette dt. 24-06-1980

QUESTION -1 : The Constitution of Corporate Educational Agency having only one Primary School is to be approved by:
(A) Dist. Ednl. Officer
(B) Asst. Ednl. Officer
(C) Deputy Director
(D) Director
Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -2 : The Constitution of a Corporate Educational Agency having Schools in only one Sub District is to be approved by the
(A) Asst. Ednl. Officer
(B) Deputy Director
(C) Dist. Ednl. Officer
(D) Director
Correct Answer:-(B)

QUESTION -3 : The constitution of the corporate educational agency shall not contain one of the following, Quote it.
(A) The manner in which the proprietor shall carry out its functioning
(B) The manner in which the managing body is elected
(C) The conditions and tenure of appointment of manager
(D) The qualification for the post of Headmaster to the school under the agency.
Correct Answer:-(D)

QUESTION -4 :  Constitution of the Corporate Educational Agency shall be approved by the
(A) Dy. Director Education/Director
(B) Government
(C)LSGI
(D) Jilla Panchayat/Municipality Corporation
Correct Answer:-(A)

QUESTION -5 :  In the case of aided institutions under corporate management the proprietary body may choose the manager in accordance with the rules referred in
(A) Rule 3 (1) Chapter III
(B) Rule 2 Chapter III
(C) Rule 4 (4) Chapter III
(D) Rule 3 (4) Chapter III
Correct Answer:-(B)

3. Management to be vested in a Manager – 

(1) The Management of every aided school may be vested by the Educational Agency in a person who shall be referred to as the Manager and who shall be responsible to the department for the management of the institution.

(2) In the case of aided institutions under individual management the individual proprietor may be the Manager.

(3) In the case of aided institutions under Corporate management the proprietary body may choose the Manager in accordance with the rules in that behalf referred to in Rule 2.

(4) The Educational Agency shall be bound by the acts of the Manager.

QUESTION -1 :  The managers of aided schools shall be appointed by the
(A) Educational Officer
(B) Deputy Director
(C) Educational Agency
(D) Director.
Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -2 : ................. shall have the meaning as manager.
(A) Educational officer
(B) Headmaster
(C) Teacher
(D) Management
Correct Answer:-(D)


QUESTION -3 : An educational agency shall be bound by the acts of theഒരു വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ ഏജൻസിയുടെ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളാൽ ബന്ധിതമായിരിക്കും
(A) Headmaster
(B) Manager
(C) School Staff Council
(D) School P.T.A.
Correct Answer:-(B)

4. Approval of appointment of Managers – 

(1) The Educational Officers shall be competent to approve the appointment of Managers by Educational Agencies and to approve changes in the personnel of the Managers.

(2) If the Educational Agencies have schools in more than one Educational District within a Revenue District the appointment of managers and changes in the personnel of the managers may be approved by the Deputy Director (Education) having jurisdiction in the (Revenue District if the Educational Agencies have schools in more than one Revenue District the appointment of managers and changes in the personnel of the Managers may be approved by the Director of Public Instruction].

(2A) The approval of appointment of Managers and Changes in the personnel of the Managers under sub- rules (1), and (2) above shall take effect from the date of actual assumption of charge of the management specified in the order of approval issued by the competent authorities concerned.

(3) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Educational Officer under sub-rule (1) or of the Deputy Director (Education) under sub-rule (2) may within 30 days from the date of receipt of the order prefer an appeal to the Director.

(4) Government may, on their own motion or otherwise, revise any order passed by the Director of Public Instruction.

QUESTION -1 :  The authority for approving the change of personnel of Manager without change of ownership of an aided L.P. School is:
(A) D.E.O.
(B) D.D.E.
(C) A.E.O.
(D) Director
Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -2 :  The authority for approving the change of personnel of Manager without change of ownership of an aided High School is:
(A) D.E.O.
(B) D.D.E.
(C) A.E.O.
(D) Director
Correct Answer:-(A)

QUESTION -3 : The change of personnel of the Manager in respect of Educational Agency having primary schools in different Sub Districts of the same Educational Districts will be approve
(A) Assistant Educational Agency
(B) Deputy Director
(C) District Educational Officer
(D) Director
Correct Answer-Option: (C)

QUESTION -4 :  Educational Agencies have schools in more than one Educational District within a Revenue District the appointment of managers and changes in the personnel of the managers may be approved by

A) D.E.O.
(B) D.D.E.
(C) A.E.O.
(D) Director
Correct Answer:-(B)

QUESTION -5 :  The authority to approve the change of personnel of the Manager of an agency having school in the entire state is:
(A) Government
(B) Minister
(C) Director
(D) S.C.E.R.T
Correct Answer:-(C)

note: [EDUCATIONAL OFFICER IS AEO or DEO]

QUESTION -6 :  Approval of appointment of the manager and change in personnel of the Manager shall take effect from the date of
(A) actual assumption of the charge of the management specified in the order of approval issued by the authority
(B)order of the competent authority
(C)permission granted for the change by the Director
(D)the order of the Govt.
Correct Answer:-(A)

QUESTION -7 :  The appellate authority for filing appeal against the order of the Asst. Ednl. Officer regarding approval of manager is:
(A) Dist. Ednl. Officer
(B) Deputy Director
(C) Director
(D) Government
Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -8 :  Any person aggrieved by an order of the District Educational Officer refusing to grant recognition to a school within from the date of order, appeal to the Director
(A) 45 days
(B) 60 days
(C) 40 days
(D) 30 days
Correct Answer:-(D)

5. Change of management – 

(1) All changes in the personnel of the Managers of aided institutions shall be immediately reported to the Educational Officer and approval obtained.

(2) Appointments and changes approved by the Educational Officer shall be reported to the Director.

Note – The Rules 4 and 5 do not apply to change of management involving change of ownership .

QUESTION -1 :  Appointment of managers and changes approved by the educational officer shall be reported to:
(A) Deputy Director
(B) Manager
(C) Director
(D) Headmaster
Correct Answer:-(C)

5A. Change of management involving change of ownership – 

(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in these rules, no change of Management of any aided school involving change of ownership shall be effected except with the previous permission of the Director.

The Director may grant such permission unless the grant of such permission will, in his opinion, adversely affect the working of the institution and the interests of the staff and the person to whom the Management is transferred.

(2) Any person aggrieved by an order under sub-rule (1) may, within 30 days from the date of the receipt of the order, prefer an appeal to the Government.]

(3) In the case of change of management of a school involving change of ownership the new Manager of a corporate or an individual Educational Agency, shall be bound to absorb any member who is a claimant under rule 51 A of Chapter XIV A or is eligible for protection belonging to teaching and non- teaching staff of any school of the transferor manager, against the vacancies that may arise in the school.

QUESTION -1 :  The change of management involving change of ownership of a L. P. School, under individual educational agency is:
(A) Director
(B) Asst. Educational Officer
(C) Deputy Director
(D) Dist. Ednl. Officer
Correct Answer:-(A)

QUESTION -2 : The authority competent to grant prior permission for change of management involving change of ownership of an aided primary school is _______
A:-Assistant Educational Officer
B:-Director of General Education
C:-Government
D:-District Educational Officer
Correct Answer:-(B)


QUESTION -3 : The authority competent to sanction change of management involving change of ownership:
(A) Government
(B) Director
(C) Dy. Director
(D) Dist. Edl Officer
Correct Answer:-(B)

QUESTION -4 :  The appellate authority to which appeal can be filed against an order issued by an Assistant Educational Officer declining approval to the appointment of an aided school manager
A:-Director of General Education
B:-Deputy Director (Education)
C:-District Educational Officer
D:-Government
Correct Answer:-(A)


QUESTION -5 : Any person aggrieved by an order of the Deputy Director (Education) on approval of appointment of Managers may prefer an appeal to the Director within...........days.
(A) 7
(B) 10
(C) 15
(D) 30
Correct Answer:-(D)

QUESTION -6 : The time limit for filing appeal against an order declining prior permission for change of management involving change of ownership of an aided school is _______
A:-15 days
B:-14 days
C:-30 days
D:-10 days
Correct Answer:-(C)

QUESTION -7 :  No change of management of any aided schools involving change of ownership shall be effected except with the previous permission of the Director:
(A) R 5A (1) Ch III
(B) R 15 A (2) Ch IV
(C) R 16(a) Ch V
(D) R 22 A Ch VI
Correct Answer:-(A)

6. Correspondence to be carried on by Manager – 

All correspondence relating to the management of an aided school shall be carried on by the manager or a person appointed by him and approved by the Director*.

* The power of the Director are delegated to Deputy Directors of Education by G.O. (P) 52/80/G

Edn. Dated 7-5-1980 published on 24-6-1980.

QUESTION -1 : All correspondence relating to the management of an aided school shall be carried on by the as per rule 6 of chapter III:
(A) Correspondent
(B) Local manager
(C) Manager
(D) Adm. Officer
Correct Answer- (C)

7. Action against Manager or Educational Agency in the event of mismanagement etc. – 

(1) In the event of mismanagement, malpractice, corruption or maladministration, gross negligence of duty, or disobedience of Departmental instruction on the part of the Manager or denial of appointment to a qualified thrown out teacher who has a rightful claim for reappointment by virtue of his/her holding the post earlier or denial of promotion to a teacher who is rightful claimant for promotion by the manager] or conviction of the Manager for an offence involving moral turpitude] it shall be open to the *Director, after giving the Manager a reasonable opportunity to show cause against the action proposed to be taken and after due enquiry, to declare him unfit to hold the office of Manager in the school or in any other aided school and to require the educational Agency to appoint a suitable person as Manager.

* The power of the Director are delegated to Deputy Directors of Education by G.O. (P) 52/80/G Edn. Dated 7-5-1980 published on 24-6-1980.

Note - The enquiry mentioned in this sub-rule shall not be necessary in the case of conviction for an offence involving moral turpitude by a court of law.

(2) Failure on the part of the Manager or the Educational Agency to obey the instructions issued by the Department in regard to the school matters and the continuance in office of a person declared unfit shall be deemed to be sufficient causes for taking steps for the withdrawal of aid, grant and/or recognition of the institution concerned and also for the withdrawal of the permission granted for establishment of the same.

(3) In the case of Managers who have failed to provide their Schools with minimum essential facilities as specified under rules 9 and 10 of Chapter IV, it shall be lawful for Government to provide minimum

essential facilities in such schools, after giving due notice to the Managers concerned and to recover the expenditure incurred therefor by Government from the Managers either by invoking the provisions of the Revenue Recovery Act for the time being in force as an arrear of land revenue or by deduction from the maintenance grant sanctioned to the Managers under rule 5 of Chapter XXVIII.

(4) In the case of a Manager who commits serious irregularities causing monetary loss to teachers/Government, the loss sustained by teachers/Government shall be recoverable from the Manager under the provisions of the Revenue Recovery Act for the time being in force as if it is an arrear of public revenue due on land, in the following cases namely-

(a) Denial of appointment to a qualified thrown out teacher who has rightful claim for re-appointment by virtue of his/her holding the post earlier under rule 51 A Chapter XIV A.

(b) Denial of promotion to a teacher to any higher grade of pay under rules 43, 43B or 43C, as the case may be, of Chapter XIVA, or denial of promotion to the senior- most rightful claimant to the post of Headmaster under rules 44 or 45 or 45 A, as the case may be, of Chapter XIV- A, when the post becomes vacant disobeying the directions from the department and /or Government, causing denial of all monetary benefits which he/she would have got had the promotion been effected as per rules in time.

(c) Suspension of teachers, framing cooked up and/or frivolous charges, keeping them out of service beyond fifteen days disobeying the orders of re-instatement of such incumbents passed by the Deputy Director (Education) or by the Educational officer concerned, as the case may be, after a preliminary investigation into the grounds of suspension under sub-rule (8) of rule 67, Chapter XIV-A, depriving such incumbents of their salary for which they would have been compliance of the orders issued by the officer concerned.

(d) Making of irregular appointments and getting them approved by the Educational Officers concerned by furnishing false information/ declaration by the Managers regarding the claimants, under rule 51 A. Chapter XIV A.

(5) After having effected such recovery the amount of loss sustained by the teacher concerned shall be paid to him, if not already paid.

QUESTION -1  Action against a manager in the event of mismanagement cannot be taken on the ground of:
(A) Denial of promotion to a rightful claimant
(B) Denial of appointment to a rightful claimant
(C) Suspension of a teacher for 15 days without prior consent of the educational officer
(D) Making of irregular appointments and getting them approved by the Department by furnishing false in formations.
Correct Answer:-(C)

1. Who has the authority to declare a Manager unfit to hold office in the school for mismanagement or maladministration?
A. Headmaster of the school
B. District Educational Officer
C. Director of Education (powers delegated to Deputy Directors)
D. Assistant Educational Officer

Answer: C

2. When is an enquiry not necessary before declaring a Manager unfit?
A. When the Manager refuses to attend the enquiry
B. When the Manager is convicted by a court of law for an offence involving moral turpitude
C. When the school has less than 50 students
D. When the Manager has already retired

Answer: B

3. Failure of a Manager or Educational Agency to obey departmental instructions may lead to:
A. Appointment of new teachers only
B. Withdrawal of aid, grant, and/or recognition of the institution
C. Promotion of the Manager
D. Merely a warning with no further action

Answer: B

4. In case of monetary loss caused to teachers or Government due to Manager’s irregularities, recovery of the loss is done under:
A. Criminal Procedure Code
B. Revenue Recovery Act
C. Civil Court Proceedings
D. Education Act only

Answer: B

5. Examples of Manager’s actions causing recoverable loss include:
A. Denial of rightful promotion to teachers
B. Suspension of teachers with frivolous charges
C. Making irregular appointments with false declarations
D. All of the above

Answer: D

8. Persons connected with Management not to be appointed in schools -

(1) No person who is a manager or member or other office bearer of the Managing body, if any referred to in Rule 2, shall be eligible for any appointment in that school or any other school under the same Educational Agency:

Provided that Managers or members, or other office- bearers of the Managing body working as teachers including Headmasters when these Rules come into force, may continue to do so:

Provided further that the sub-rule (1) does not apply to a staff or Teacher’s Committee wherein the members of the staff or teacher’s of a school including the Headmaster are members.

(2) No employee of the Government or of a local body or of an undertaking, company or corporation owned or controlled by the Government shall be the manager or a member or other office bearer of the managing body, if any, of a school unless it is in an ex-office capacity.

Provided that this sub-rule shall not apply to part time Government servants other than those employed in schools.

(3) A student in an institution shall not be permitted to be the manager or a member, or an office bearer of the managing body, if any of that institution.

(3A) No person who is convicted by a court for an offence involving moral turpitude shall be eligible for appointment as manager or a member of the managing body].

(4) The manager of an aided school shall be literate, solvent and interested in educational progress. The Educational Agency of a recognized school shall be solvent and shall also be interested in educational progress.

QUESTION-1 :  One of the following qualifications is not essential to a person for appointment as Manager. Quote it :
(A) Solvent
(B) Literate
(C) Good Physique
(D) Interested in educational activities
Correct Answer- (C)


QUESTION-2 :   There is no ban to one of the following groups for appointment as Manager of an aided school. Find out it:
(A) A pupil of the same institution
(B) The Headmaster of that School
(C)A person committed by a Court of law in a Case involving moral turpitude
(D) Father of a teacher working in that school
Correct Answer : (D)


QUESTION-3 :  One of the following is not a disqualification for being appointed as manager of a school. Quote it:
(A) Being a student in the school
(B) Being a person convicted by a court of Law in a case involving moral turpitude
(C) Being an active worker of a political party
(D) Being an illiterate person
Correct Answer-(C)

QUESTION-4 :  One of the following qualifications is not a must for a Manager of an aided school. Quote this:
(A) Solvent
(B) Married
(C) Literate
(D) Interested in educational progress
Correct Answer- :(B)

QUESTION-5 :   What are the eligibility requirements for a Manager of an aided school?
A. Literate, solvent, and interested in educational progress
B. Graduate with 10 years of experience
C. Must be a Government employee
D. Should belong to the same district only

Answer: A

9. Duties and powers of the managers of Aided Schools – 

(1) The Manager shall be responsible for the conduct of the school strictly in accordance with the provisions of the Kerala Education Act and the Rules issued thereunder. He shall also abide by the orders that may be issued from time to time by the Government and the Department in conformity with the provisions of the Act and the rule issued thereunder.

(2) The manager shall sign all the bills relating to the maintenance and other grants specifically granted to the management. All other bills relating to the school shall be signed by the Headmaster.

(3) The Manager shall provide site, building, staff, equipments furniture etc. as per Rules issued under the Education Act and as per orders that may be issued from time to time by the Government and the Department in conformity with the provisions of the Act and the rules issued thereunder.

(4) The Manager shall not interfere with the academic work of schools which should be attended to by the Headmaster.

(5) The Manager shall verify the staff position of the school in conformity with the number of class divisions sanctioned by the Department.

QUESTION-1 :Duties and powers of the manager of aided schools are prescribed under rule _______ of Chapter III, KERs
A:-5
B:-8
C:-7
D:-9
Correct Answer- :(D)

QUESTION-2 : One of the following duties are not expected from a Manager of a school in the State:
(A) To possess and control of the school properties
(B) Prompt supervision of academic activities in the School
(C) Maintain the records relating to Maintenance Grant
(D) Afford assistance to the Educational officer for Inspection
Correct Answer- :(B)

QUESTION-3 : Who is responsible for the conduct of aided school in accordance with the provisions of the Kerala Education the rules there under as per provisions of the in Act:
(A) Managers
(B) Headmasters
(C) Educational officers
(D) Panchayat secretaries
Correct Answer- :(A)

QUESTION-4 : Bills of Maintenance Grant shall be signed by the:
(A) Headmaster
(B) AEO
(C) Manager
(D) DEO
Correct Answer- :(C)

QUESTION-5 : ................ shall sign all the bills relating to the maintenance and other grant specifically granted to the management
(A) Head master
(B) Clerks
(C) Manager
(D) Class teacher
Correct Answer- :(C)

QUESTION-6 : Which among the following does not come under R 9(3) Cr III dealing with the duties and powers of manager of aided schools?
(A) Site
(B) Equipment and furniture
(C) Building
(D) Sign all bills relating to M.G and other grants
Correct Answer- :(D)

QUESTION-7 : .......................shall not interfere with the academic work of schools which should be attended to by the HM as per Rule 9 (4) of Chapter III:
(A) AEO
(B) DEO
(C) Manager
(D) P.T.A
Correct Answer- :(C)

QUESTION-8 : The Manager shall not interfere with the academic Works of schools which should be attended to by the Headmaster as per
(A) R 8 (1) Ch III
(B) R 9 (4) Ch III
(C) Note (1) to R 7 Ch III
(D) R 9(1) Ch III
Correct Answer- :(B)